Arctic | The Canadian Encyclopedia
Plants and Fungi (3)
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Arctic

Known for its icy conditions, dramatic landscape and unique cultures, the Arctic is broadly defined as the region north of the Arctic Circle, or the latitude 66°30′ N. In this area, there is at least one 24-hour period during which the sun does not rise and one during which the sun does not set. Canada is one of only eight Arctic countries that make up the Arctic Council. The Arctic has become increasingly relevant to global politics, in part due to climate change, as the region is warming at twice the global average rate. The collection brings together articles on the biology, geography, landscape, history and politics of this region. (See also Inuit Collection).

Polar Bear

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Caribou
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Northwest Territories

The Northwest Territories lie northwest of central Canada, bordered to the east by Nunavut, to the west by the Yukon and to the south by the northeastern corner of British Columbia, as well as the entire northern borders of Alberta and Saskatchewan.

Auyuittuq National Park
timeline

Nunavut

Nunavut, which translates from the Inuktitut dialect of the Eastern Arctic Inuit as "Our Land," is a Canadian territory.

Canadian Arctic Expedition
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Arctic Exploration

Humans have been exploring the North American Arctic for centuries, beginning about 5,000 years ago when Palaeoeskimos were looking for a homeland, followed by the Thule — ancestors of the Inuit. Europeans began exploring the Arctic in the Elizabethan era when English seamen sought a shortcut to Asia by the seas north of America — the so-called Northwest Passage.

The northern lights in the Yukon Territory.
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Seasons in Canada

Being a large country spanning a wide variety of ecosystems, Canada experiences broad seasonal variation from coast to coast to coast. This timeline marks some of the most iconic yearly natural and astronomical events in Canada.

Did you know?
Phenology is the study of cycles and seasonal shifts in nature. This can include the study of when birds migrate, when plants flower or when certain climate phenomena occur.

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