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  • Article

    English Canada Rural Society

    In Canada, rural society has been shaped by geographic and cultural diversity and by population mobility.

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  • Article

    English-Speaking Quebecers

    English-speakers in Québec form a linguistic minority from a wide range of ethnic, religious, and socio-economic backgrounds and with many regional differences. The presence of this minority dates back to the French Regime, but coherent communities developed only after the British Conquest. The proportion of English-speakers increased in the years leading up to Confederation , followed by a gradual decline, particularly in the regions outside Montréal.

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  • Article

    Entomology

    Entomology is the branch of zoology dealing with the study of insects, although which organisms are included is open to interpretation. Probably, those animals covered by the Gk word entomon ("cut up, segmented") are appropriately considered insects, e.g., the arthropods, but crustaceans (except for a few terrestrial species) and a few small, marine arthropod groups, such as sea spiders and horseshoe crabs, are generally excluded. Entomologists study the following groups: Insecta; Myriapoda (e.g., millipedes, centipedes); and Arachnida (e.g., scorpions, spiders, mites, ticks). Hence, entomology embraces the study of the majority of known species of organisms.

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  • Article

    Piché: The Landing of a Man

    Piché: The Landing of a Man (Piché, entre ciel et terre), a biographical film about the life of Captain Robert Piché, opened in theatres in July 2010. Captain Robert Piché, an Air Transat airline pilot, was considered a hero on the night of 23 August 2001 when he was at the controls of Flight 236 connecting Toronto and Lisbon. Michel Côté gives a strong performance as Robert Piché, and his son Maxime LeFlaguais plays the role of the young and troubled Piché with panache. Very colourful and realistic, the film recounts the dark side of Piché's life — his years of imprisonment, decline, family life and experiences as a captain — until his celebrated feat.

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  • Article

    Environment

    The environment is the physical, social and psychological milieu in which humans exist. Throughout Earth’s four-billion-year history, profound changes have occurred in its geological and ecological systems. As long as human populations remained small and communities were part of local ecosystems, most changes occurred slowly and seemingly without major disturbances to the global system.

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  • Collection

    Environment

    Environment can be broadly defined as the natural world or the conditions in which a species lives. This collection gathers all of The Canadian Encyclopedia's articles pertaining to the environment, from pollution to various fields of scientific study.

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  • Timelines

    Environmental Movement

    The environmental movement seeks to protect the natural world and promote sustainable living. It had its beginnings in the conservation efforts of the early 1900s, when conservationists aimed to slow the rapid depletion of Canadian resources in favour of more regulated management.

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  • Article

    Environmental Agencies

    Environmental problems may require action by the environmental agencies of governments at 5 levels: international, national, provincial, municipal and Aboriginal.

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  • Article

    Environmental Movement in Canada

    The environmental movement seeks to protect the natural world and promote sustainable living. It had its beginnings in the conservation efforts of the early 1900s. During this time, conservationists aimed to slow the rapid depletion of Canadian resources in favour of more regulated management. Many scholars divide the evolution of the environmental movement into “waves.” These waves are periods in time easily characterized by certain themes. While the number of waves and their characterization may differ from scholar to scholar, they’re often defined as follows: The first wave focused on conservation; the second, pollution; the third, the professionalization of environmental groups; and the fourth, climate change.

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  • Article

    Environmental Governance

    Environmental governance is a term used to describe how decisions about the ENVIRONMENT are made and who makes such decisions. It is a broad term that includes the formal and informal institutional arrangements for resource and environment decision-making and management.

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  • Article

    Environmental Impact Assessment

    An environmental impact assessment is a systematic analysis of the potential impacts of proposed development projects on the natural and human environment (see Social Impact Assessment), for identifying measures to prevent or minimize impacts prior to major decisions being taken and project commitments made.

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  • Article

    Environmental Law

    Environmental law is a relatively new field of law comprising laws designed to protect the natural environment.

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  • Article

    Environmental Management

    Successful actions to protect the environment and conserve natural resources constitute environmental management. More formally, environmental management refers to decisions and actions regarding how to allocate or develop resources; and how to use, restore, rehabilitate, monitor or evaluate environmental change. Environmental management involves decisions, strategies, programs and projects to use or protect the environment in order to meet broader social objectives.

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  • Article

    Environmental Movement in Canada (Plain-Language Summary)

    The environmental movement tries to protect the natural world and promote sustainable living. The environmental movement is usually divided into periods of time based on themes. These periods are called waves. In Canada, the first wave focused on awareness, the second on pollution and conservation, the third on the professionalization of environmental groups and the fourth on climate change. This article is a plain-language summary of the environmental movements in Canada. If you are interested in reading about this topic in more depth, please see the full-length entry, Environmental Movement in Canada.

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  • Article

    Environmental Racism in Canada

    Environmental racism is the disproportionate proximity and greater exposure of Indigenous, Black and other racialized communities to polluting industries and environmentally hazardous activities. In Canada, Indigenous and African Nova Scotian communities have been the most impacted by environmental racism. Examples of environmental racism in Nova Scotia include an open dump in Africville, landfills in Shelburne and Lincolnville, a pulp and paper mill in Pictou Landing First Nation, and a pipeline in Sipekne’katik First Nation. A pipeline also runs through Wet'suwet'en First Nation in British Columbia, while in Ontario there is mercury contamination in Grassy Narrows First Nation and over 60 petrochemical facilities surrounding Aamjiwnaang First Nation.

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