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Whale Species in Canada

Whale is the common name for large marine mammals of the order Cetartiodactyla (formerly Cetacea). They are subdivided into the Mysticeti, or baleen whales, and Odontoceti, or toothed whales. Smaller kinds of toothed whales are called dolphins or porpoises. Thirty-five whale species are found at least occasionally in Canadian waters — 9 species of baleen whales, and 26 species of toothed whales (mostly dolphins and porpoises). The commercial pursuit of whales was significant in early European exploration of Canada (see Whaling). Since the end of commercial whaling in Canada in 1972, whale watching has become popular. Whales found in Canada range in size from about 60 kg for the harbour porpoise to well over 100 tonnes for the blue whale, making it the largest animal ever known.
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Article

Whaling

Whaling, the practice of hunting whales, has a long history in the waters around Canada. Various Indigenous Peoples were the first to hunt whales in these areas. Later, European, American and Canadians hunted whales extensively. About 33 species of whales occur in Canadian waters, of which about 13 have been commercially significant. The species that were hunted the earliest were the easiest to hunt, such as the right whales, bowhead whales and grey whales. As the numbers of these species declined, humpback whales and sperm whales became the preferred prey. Later still, when technological advances made it feasible, the very fast blue whales, fin whales and sei whales were taken. This whaling also had a significant and largely negative impact on many Indigenous Peoples and nearly resulted in the extinction of various whale species. Today, all commercial whaling is banned in Canadian waters.
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Editorial

Alexander Graham Bell and the Invention of the Telephone

The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated.
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Article

Wheat

Wheat is the common name for members of genus Triticum of the grass family (Gramineae) and for the cereal grains produced by these grasses.
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Article

Wheelchair Basketball in Canada

Wheelchair basketball is one of the most popular team sports for athletes with disabilities. In 2014, over 2,500 Canadians were active in the sport as athletes, coaches, officials and administrators.
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Article

Whelk

Whelk is the common name for a carnivorous marine snail which may be included with the Buccinid, Muricid or Purpurid families.
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Editorial

The Last Voyage of the Karluk

The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated.
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Macleans

Whistler's Patience Rewarded with 2010 Winter Games

The road north from Vancouver to Whistler is paved with good intentions, but not nearly enough passing lanes. The Sea-to-Sky Highway winds high above Howe Sound, past Bowen, Gambier and Anvil islands; past ferries and freighters and barge-burdened tugs; past the chill plunge of Shannon Falls and fly-sized rock climbers high up the brooding face of the Stawamus Chief at Squamish.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on July 14, 2003
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Article

White-Collar Crime

White-Collar Crime consists of occupational crime and corporate crime. Occupational crime refers to offences committed against legitimate institutions (businesses or government) by those with "respectable" social status.
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Article

White Fox

White Fox, Sask, incorporated as a village in 1941, population 364 (2011c), 348 (2006c). The Village of White Fox is located about 130 km east of Prince Albert, just north of Nipawin and the Saskatchewan River. The village is named for the White Fox River which flows through the district.
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Article

White Paper

A government white paper is a Cabinet-approved document that explains a political issue and proposed legislation to address it. The purpose of a white paper is to introduce a new government policy to test the public’s reaction to it. The name derives from the custom of binding the document in white paper, rather than using a cover page. White papers are different from green papers, which seek public reaction not to new policy but to more general proposals. The most controversial white paper in Canada was issued in 1969; it sought to redefine the relationship between the federal government and Indigenous peoples. (See The 1969 White Paper.)
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Article

White Paper on Employment and Income

The White Paper on Employment and Income of 1945 described the Canadian government's immediate postwar fiscal and economic policies. Presented to Parliament by the Honourable C.D.
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Article

White Paper on Foreign Policy

A 6-volume review of foreign policy conducted 1968-70 by the Department of External Affairs (now FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE) with the involvement of many other departments and agencies, invited academics, business people and others.
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Article

White Pass & Yukon Route

The White Pass & Yukon Route railway was built to meet the demand for transportation to the gold fields of the Yukon River basin during the Klondike Gold Rush. Completed in 1900, it was a feat of engineering and one of the steepest railways in North America. It ran 177 km from Skagway, Alaska, to Whitehorse, Yukon. Today, tourist rail excursions run on a portion of the original line.
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Article

Whitefish in Canada

Whitefish is the common name for several freshwater fishes of class Actinopterygii, family Salmonidae (salmon), subfamily Coregoninae (sometimes elevated to family rank). Whitefishes are widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere. In Canada, three genera and 20 species are found, including three species of genus Prosopium (round, mountain and pygmy).
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