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  • Article

    Rubber Products Industry

    The rubber products industry consists of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rubber tires, tubing, hose, belting, washers and gaskets, weather stripping, tapes, etc. The 216 (1998) rubber manufacturers in Canada share annual sales of more than $4.7 billion (see Manufacturing in Canada). The industry directly employs 26,300 (1998) people; tens of thousands of additional jobs exist among suppliers and marketers of rubber products and in the transportation and service sectors.

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  • Article

    Ruben Cusipag

    Ruben Javier Cusipag, journalist, social activist (born 12 July 1938 in Paco, Manila; died 9 July 2013 in Markham, Ontario). Cusipag was a pioneer in Filipino Canadian journalism. He contributed to several newspapers and was the founding editor of Atin Ito, one of Canada’s oldest Filipino newspapers, and founder of the Toronto-based newspaper Balita. Cusipag also co-authored Portrait of Filipino Canadians in Ontario (1960-1990) (1993). (See also Filipino Canadians.)

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  • Article

    Rugby in Canada

    Rugby, or rugby union, is a game played by two sides of 15 players who carry, kick and pass an oval-shaped ball. Forward passes are not permitted. A game consists of two 40-minute halves. Players score points by touching the ball over the opponents’ goal line (a try) or by kicking it over the crossbar (a goal). British settlers and troops probably introduced rugby to Canada from 1823 onward. F. Barlow Cumberland and Fred A. Bethune first codified the rules for rugby in Canada in 1864. The first Canadian game of rugby took place in Montreal in 1865. In 1874, Harvard and McGill universities played the first international rugby match in North America. North American varieties of rugby then began to evolve. Separation between the English and North American types of rugby football occurred in 1882. Rugby Canada, the governing body for the sport in Canada, was founded in 1974.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/Rugby_Canada_logo.svg.png Rugby in Canada

  • Article

    Rule of Law

    The rule of law is an underlying constitutional principle requiring government to be conducted according to law and making all public officers answerable for their acts in the ordinary courts (see ADMINISTRATIVE LAW).

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  • Article

    Romanian Music in Canada

    Immigration to Canada began in 1898 with an influx of Romanian Jews, followed by three distinct waves: 1900–13, 1920–9, and post–1945. 

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  • Article

    Run

    Eric Walters’s novel Run (2003) is a fictionalized account of Terry Fox’s Marathon of Hope. The book follows troubled youth Winston Macdonald, who is inspired to stop running away from his problems after he befriends Fox in 1980. Run is both the first book for young adults and the first fictionalized book about Terry Fox endorsed by the Fox family. Author royalties from the sales of Run are donated to the Terry Fox Foundation. The novel’s audio version received the 2004 Torgi Award for Books in Alternative Formats.

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  • Article

    Rupert’s Land (Plain-Language Summary)

    Rupert's Land was a vast area of northern wilderness; it covered about a third of what is now Canada. From 1670 to 1870, it was controlled by the Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC), which ran the fur trade there. The area was named after Prince Rupert, the first governor of the HBC. In 1870, just after Canada became a country, the government bought Rupert’s Land from the HBC. The purchase changed Canada, making it a large nation stretching across North America. Rupert's Land was eventually divided among the provinces of Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta, and the Northwest Territories. (This article is a plain-language summary of Rupert’s Land. If you are interested in reading about this topic in more depth, please see our full-length entry, Rupert’s Land.)

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/PrinceRupert/hudson_bay_ruperts_land.jpg Rupert’s Land (Plain-Language Summary)

  • Article

    Rupert's Land

    Rupert’s Land was a vast territory of northern wilderness. It represented a third of what is now Canada. From 1670 to 1870, it was the exclusive commercial domain of the Hudson’s Bay Company(HBC) and the primary trapping grounds of the fur trade. The territory was named after Prince Rupert, the HBC’s first governor. Three years after Confederation, the Government of Canada acquired Rupert’s Land from the HBC for CAD$1.5-million (£300,000). It is the largest real estate transaction (by land area) in the country’s history. The purchase of Rupert’s Land transformed Canada geographically. It changed from a modest country in the northeast of the continent into an expansive one that reached across North America. Rupert’s Land was eventually divided among Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and the Northwest Territories. (This is the full-length entry about Rupert’s Land. For a plain language summary, please see Rupert’s Land (Plain-Language Summary).)

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  • Article

    Rush-Bagot Agreement

    The Rush-Bagot Agreement (or Rush-Bagot Treaty) was signed in 1817 by Acting Secretary of State Richard Rush and Sir Charles Bagot, British minister in Washington. The treaty reduced the number of military ships on the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain and helped secure the Canadian-American border.

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  • Article

    Russell Williams Case

    Colonel David Russell Williams was a decorated air force pilot and commander at the Canadian Forces Base (CFB) at Trenton, Ontario, when he was arrested in 2010, and charged with the murders of two women, and numerous other sexually related crimes. The bizarre case shocked the military and the country and became an international media sensation. Warning: This article contains sensitive material that may not be suitable for all audiences.

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  • Article

    Russian Music in Canada

    The largest of the 15 Union Republics that until 1991 made up the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

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  • Article

    Rutabaga

    Rutabaga (Brassica napus, Napobrassica Group), herbaceous biennial vegetable belonging to the Cruciferae family and grown as a root crop in all provinces. 

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  • Macleans

    Rwandan Genocide Aftermath

    This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on March 6, 1995. Partner content is not updated. Through the window of a Huey helicopter whisking above the countryside at 700 feet, the southern Rwandan countryside does not look like a hellish killing ground. The camel-hump hills are variations on green, groomed for the planting season that is just beginning.

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    https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Rwandan Genocide Aftermath

  • Macleans

    Rwandan Refugees Trek Home

    The quickest and the fittest among them led the exodus. The first sign of Rwanda's long march of refugees was a single file of ragged but relatively healthy families, who stuck cautiously to the side of the road like people emerging into the light after a long night.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on November 25, 1996

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  • Article

    Rye

    Rye is the common name for members of the genus Secale of the grass family (Poaceae, formerly Gramineae) and for the cereal grains produced by those grasses.

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