Browse "Science & Technology"

Displaying 166-180 of 785 results

  • Article

    Climate Change

    Climate change occurs when long-term weather patterns begin to shift. These periods of change have occurred throughout the Earth’s history over extended periods of time. However, since the Industrial Revolution the world has been warming at an unprecedented rate. Because of this, the current period of climate change is often referred to as “global warming.” Human activities that release heat-trapping greenhouse gases, such as the burning of fossil fuels, are largely responsible for this increased rate of change. The implications of this global increase in temperature are potentially disastrous and include extreme weather events, rising sea levels and loss of habitat for plants, animals and humans. In Canada, efforts to mitigate climate change include phasing-out coal-fired power plants in Ontario and instituting a carbon tax in British Columbia. This article is a full-length entry about climate change. For a plain-language summary, please see Climate Change (Plain-Language Summary).

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  • Macleans

    Climate Clues from Vancouver Island

    To the uninitiated, it looks no more exciting than a long, thin log of grey plasticene. But to scientists like Jeffrey Fox, a Texas geologist who oversaw its extraction last week from the bottom of a deep bay 16 km north of Victoria, the 9.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on September 2, 1996

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  • Article

    Climate Information

    Climate information is used by a variety of people. Building designers must be certain that their structures will withstand the strongest winds and be habitable during temperature extremes. Airlines, when possible, plan their routes to take advantage of the prevailing winds in the upper atmosphere.

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  • Article

    Climate Severity

     Environment Canada devised the climate severity index to rate a locality's climate according to human comfort and well being. The index has a range from 1 to 100, with a score of 1 representing the least severe climate and 100 the most.

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  • Article

    Climatology

    Climatology is the study of climate over extended periods of time; i.e., of both average and extreme weather conditions. It can also be seen as the study of energy flow through the Earth-atmosphere system. Owing to the Earth's highly interconnected network of subsystems (e.g., solar input, oceans, glaciers, vegetation, atmospheric composition), modern climatology is a multidisciplinary science. The complexity of the Earth's climate is almost certainly due to the co-existence of the three phases of water (vapour, liquid and ice) and the manner in which they interact with radiation. The two main subfields of climatology are physical climatology, which seeks to understand the principles of mass and energy exchanges in the Earth-atmosphere system, and dynamic climatology, which examines factors influencing climate. The study of modern climatology is primarily global in perspective. The main tools used by climatologists are computer models of the atmosphere, ocean and land surface, and data inferred from satellite observations. Other divisions of climatology include descriptive climatology; synoptic climatology, which analyzes weather observations taken simultaneously at different locations; and applied climatology, which makes climate information available to engineers, planners, vacationers, etc (see Climate and Society). The possibility that human activity can deliberately or inadvertently influence climate is also of interest to climatologists.

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  • Article

    Clocks and Watches

    The manufacture of clocks and watches in Canada may have begun as early as 1700; however, practising watch and clockmakers through the 18th and much of the 19th centuries did not make the movements.

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  • Macleans

    Cloned Sheep Raises Ethical Issues

    She does not look like a circus freak or a monster or an omen of evil. Her eyes and ears have a pinkish hue - just like they are supposed to.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on March 10, 1997

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  • Macleans

    Cloning Sheep

    For more than a decade, scientists have been using genetic technology to produce biologically identical copies, or clones, of animals. In theory, cloning can be used to improve sheep and cattle breeds by ensuring that the animals' most desirable genetic characteristics are passed on.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on March 18, 1996

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  • Article

    Coal Demethanation

    Coal demethanation is a process by which methane gas is removed from coal deposits. The principal objective of coal demethanation, since its introduction in 1943, has been to remove the safety hazard the gas poses to miners.

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  • Article

    Coal Gasification

    Coal gasification is a process by which coal is converted into a fuel gas rich in hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

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  • Article

    Coal Liquefaction

    Coal liquefaction is a process that converts coal from a solid state into liquid fuels, usually to provide substitutes for petroleum products.

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  • Article

    Cobalt

    Cobalt (Co) is a brittle, hard, greyish-white magnetic metal that melts at 1495°C and that closely resembles iron and nickel. It is not found as a native element.

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  • Article

    Cod Liver Oil

    Cod Liver Oil was in the past a primary source of vitamin A, essential for bone growth, health of skin and mucous membranes, and night vision. Today, many other preparations containing vitamin A are available. Before the 1920s, most cod liver oil came from Norwegian COD.

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  • Article

    Cold-Weather Injuries

    Hypothermia may be defined as a "lower than normal" body temperature. Normal body core temperature is 37.5°C. Mild hypothermia and shivering may occur at body temperatures as high as 36°C. Lower body temperatures are considered as moderate to severe hypothermia.

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  • Article

    Collapse of the Peace River Bridge

    ​The spectacular suspension bridge across the Peace River south of Fort St. John, British Columbia, was opened in the summer of 1943, replacing a ferry crossing on the Alaska Highway.

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    https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Collapse of the Peace River Bridge