Browse "History"

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  • Editorial

    The Fraser River Gold Rush and the Founding of British Columbia

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated. The year 1858 is the single most important year in British Columbia’s history. It was on 2 August of that year that an imperial act established the mainland colony of BC under the authority of Governor James Douglas. Beginning that spring, the Fraser River Gold Rush unleashed a chain of events that culminated a dozen years later in British Columbia joining the new Canadian Confederation (see British Columbia and Confederation). Without 1858, it is very possible there would have been no British Columbia, but rather an American state. Without 1858, Canada today might not extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/FraserRiverGoldRush/512px-Peep_at_Washoe_-_Ho!_For_Frazer_River.jpg The Fraser River Gold Rush and the Founding of British Columbia

  • Article

    Gold Rushes in Canada

    Gold rushes occurred in the mid- to late-19th century, primarily along North America’s West Coast from California to Alaska. In Canada, key events included the Fraser River, Cariboo and Klondike gold rushes, as well as the Fraser Canyon War and the founding of British Columbia as a colony in 1858. The worldwide production of gold tripled between 1848 and 1898, though this had relatively little impact on the Canadian economy. The gold rushes opened large territories to permanent resource exploitation and settlement by White people. They also resulted in the displacement and marginalization of many of the Indigenous communities in the region (see also Northwest Coast Indigenous Peoples; Central Coast Salish).

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  • Article

    Gore Creek Skeleton, an Early Human in North America

    Forensic analysis of the skeleton revealed that it belonged to a man in his twenties or early thirties.

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  • Article

    Gouverneur

    The governor of New France was the king’s official representative in the colony and the commander of military forces. He was also in charge of diplomatic relations with Indigenous peoples and other colonies.

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  • Article

    Grand Portage

    Grand Portage was a fur-trade depot and route of the voyageurs at the western extremity of Lake Superior.

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  • Article

    Grand Trunk Pacific Railway

    The Grand Trunk Pacific Railway was a 4800 km system whose main line ran from Winnipeg via Melville and Edmonton to Prince Rupert, British Columbia. 

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  • Article

    Grand Trunk Railway of Canada

    In late 19th Century, the Grand Trunk Railway of Canada was the major railroad in the Province of Canada (Ontario and Quebec), connecting Toronto to Montreal.

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  • Article

    Great Coalition of 1864

    The politics of the Province of Canada in the early 1860s were marked by instability and deadlock. The Great Coalition of 1864 proved to be a turning point in Canadian history. It proved remarkably successful in breaking the logjam of central Canadian politics and in helping to create a new country. The coalition united Reformers and Conservatives in the cause of constitutional reform. It paved the way for the Charlottetown Conference and Confederation.

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  • Article

    Great Coalition of 1864 (Plain-Language Summary)

    In the early 1860s, politics in the Province of Canada were unstable and deadlocked. The Great Coalition of 1864 was a turning point in Canadian history. It broke the logjam and helped to create a new country. It united Reformers and Conservatives in the cause of constitutional reform. This paved the way for the Charlottetown Conference and Confederation. This article is a plain-language summary of the Great Coalition of 1864. If you would like to read about this topic in more depth, please see our full-length entry: Great Coalition of 1864.

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  • Macleans

    Great Ice Storm of 1998

    Then, Margaret's son, Allan, urged her to stay with him in Ottawa - but all trains in and out of the two cities were cancelled, and roads closed. Meanwhile, Allan, his wife, Lori, and their three young sons hosted nine neighborhood boys whose own homes were without power.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on January 19, 1998

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  • Editorial

    Great Western Rail Disaster

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated.

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  • Article

    Great Western Railway

      The London and Gore Railroad Co, incorporated 6 May 1834, changed its name to the Great Western Rail Road Co in 1845 and to the Great Western Railway in 1853. Promoted by lawyer-politician Allan Napier MACNAB and more significantly by Hamilton merchants Isaac and Peter Buchanan, R.W.

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  • Macleans

    Gretzky Retires

    This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on April 26, 1999. Partner content is not updated. Hollywood will no doubt make a movie about Wayne Gretzky some day, and it will have to include the scene where he plays his last game in Canada, in Ottawa against the Senators.

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  • Macleans

    Gretzky Traded

    Wayne Gretzky has a long memory. The most prolific scorer in the history of hockey can recall the tiniest details of past games. His business life has been enhanced by his ability to remember names and faces, and he never forgets the kindness of friends.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on March 11, 1996

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  • Macleans

    Griffintown Remembered

    This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on March 17, 2003. Partner content is not updated. HAPPY FURLONG'S LIFE was saved by a quart of beer. When the elderly carriage driver left his rooming house at the corner of Shannon and Ottawa streets in MONTREAL's Griffintown shortly after 10 a.m.

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