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  • Article

    Eugenics in Canada

    Eugenics is a set of beliefs and practices aimed at improving the human population through controlled breeding. It includes “negative” eugenics (discouraging or limiting the procreation of people considered to have undesirable characteristics and genes) and “positive” eugenics (encouraging the procreation of people considered to have desirable characteristics and genes). Many Canadians supported eugenic policies in the early 20th century, including some medical professionals, politicians and feminists. Both Alberta (1928) and British Columbia (1933) passed Sexual Sterilization Acts, which were not repealed until the 1970s. Although often considered a pseudoscience and a thing of the past, eugenic methods have continued into the 21st century, including the coerced sterilization of Indigenous women and what some have termed the “new eugenics” — genetic editing and the screening of fetuses for disabilities.

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  • Editorial

    Eugenics: Pseudo-Science Based on Crude Misconceptions of Heredity

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated. "Great men are almost always bad men," Lord Acton famously said. If that is so, we are going to have to tolerate flaws if we want to celebrate "great" Canadians. The eugenics movement of the early 20th century particularly tries our tolerance of several of our textbook heroes.

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  • Article

    Evangelical and Fundamentalist Movements

    Evangelical and Fundamentalist Movements Evangelical and fundamentalist movements include Protestant Christian denominations and subgroups, and nondenominational and paradenominational organizations whose designation indicates their differentiation from "liberal" or "modernist" religious, social and cultural currents, and which define themselves with reference to the Christian scriptures exclusively. Evangelical, the broader category, has the longer and richer history. A derivative of the Greek euangelion ("good news," or "gospel"), "evangelical" is a virtual equivalent of "Christian."

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  • Article

    Evangelical Christian Church in Canada (Christian Disciples)

    Evangelical Christian Church, often called the Christian Church (Christian Disciples), is a denomination stemming from the early 19th century Restoration Movement led by Barton Warren Stone and Walter Scott of Kentucky, Thomas and Alexander Campbell of Virginia, and once in Canada, Baptists in Nova Scotia.

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  • Article

    Evangelical Fellowship of Canada

    Evangelical Fellowship of Canada (EFC). The Evangelical Fellowship of Canada is a national association of evangelical Christian churches in Canada. In 1964, the EFC was founded to foster cooperation and collaboration between a variety of evangelical Christians and their denominations.

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  • Article

    Evangelism and Evangelicals

    Evangelism is an English word derived from the combination of the 2 Greek words euangelion and euangelizomai, meaning "good news," or "gospel"] and "to announce, proclaim, or bring good news.

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  • Article

    Evans Brothers Piano and Manufacturing Co Ltd

    Evans Brothers Piano and Manufacturing Co, Ltd. Established in London, Ont, in 1871 or 1872 under the name E.B. Litler or Littler. The brothers John and William Evans appear to have formed a partnership with Litler ca 1885.

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  • Article

    Everett Klippert Case

    Everett George Klippert was the only Canadian ever declared a dangerous sexual offender and sentenced to what amounted to life in prison, for no other reason than he was a gay man. Outrage over that sentence, which was upheld by the Supreme Court of Canada in 1967, led to the decriminalization of gay sex two years later. Klippert was released from prison in 1971. In 2016, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau indicated he would recommend a pardon for Klippert. The following year, the Trudeau government formally apologized and issued a compensation package to men who were charged, convicted and punished simply because they were gay.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/cdfb214e-87f3-49a9-bd99-4eb1d324fcae.jpg Everett Klippert Case

  • Article

    Evolution

    Modern understanding of evolution began in 1859 with publication of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection.

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  • Article

    Evolution of Canada’s Shock Troops

    The Canadian Corps, a force of 100,000 soldiers by late 1916, fought for the entire war on the Western Front, along a static trench system that ran 700 kilometres from Switzerland to the North Sea. 

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  • Article

    Examination for Discovery

    Examination for Discovery is a legal proceeding, also known as examination on discovery, which enables a party to a civil action to examine another person orally and before trial.

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  • Article

    Exchange Rates

    The dollar became the official monetary unit of the Province of Canada on 1 January 1858 and the official currency of Canada after Confederation.

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  • Article

    Exercise Tocsin B

    Exercise Tocsin B was a nationwide nuclear preparedness drill that lasted 24 hours between 13 and 14 November 1961. It was the last of three national survival exercises named Tocsin in 1960–61. It was also the largest and most widely publicized civil defence drill ever held in Canada. This Cold War exercise run by the Canadian Army simulated the impact of thermonuclear warfare in Canada. Its goals were to show how the state would warn Canadians of such an attack and how government would continue during the crisis. By raising popular awareness of the potential for a devastating nuclear attack, Tocsin B showed Canadians what was at stake in the Cold War.

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  • Article

    Exhibitions

    Historical IntroductionExhibitions by definition are displays shown for a limited time period, either in one location or on tour, unlike permanent or changing displays in museums.

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  • Article

    Exotica

    Exotica (1994) is one of the most successful and widely acclaimed films of director Atom Egoyan, himself one of Canada’s most popular and internationally recognized filmmakers. The Canadian star-studded cast includes Don McKellar, Bruce Greenwood, Mia Kirshner, Elias Koteas, Arsinée Khanjian, Sarah Polley and Victor Garber.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/193cc1b9-24f9-4e96-a47d-4fc2142514ae.jpg Exotica