Browse "History/Historical Figures"

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  • Article

    Canadian Film History: 1974 to Present

    Filmmaking is a powerful form of cultural and artistic expression, as well as a highly profitable commercial enterprise. From a practical standpoint, filmmaking is a business involving large sums of money and a complex division of labour. This labour is involved, roughly speaking, in three sectors: production, distribution and exhibition. The history of the Canadian film industry has been one of sporadic achievement accomplished in isolation against great odds. Canadian cinema has existed within an environment where access to capital for production, to the marketplace for distribution and to theatres for exhibition has been extremely difficult. The Canadian film industry, particularly in English Canada, has struggled against the Hollywood entertainment monopoly for the attention of an audience that remains largely indifferent toward the domestic industry. The major distribution and exhibition outlets in Canada have been owned and controlled by foreign interests. The lack of domestic production throughout much of the industry’s history can only be understood against this economic backdrop. This article is one of four that surveys the history of the film industry in Canada. The entire series includes: Canadian Film History: 1896 to 1938; Canadian Film History: 1939 to 1973; Canadian Film History: 1974 to Present; Canadian Film History: Notable Films and Filmmakers 1980 to Present.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/4fd4ee50-6f27-491b-aeb7-2f5cd3c95f9e.jpg Canadian Film History: 1974 to Present

  • Article

    Canadian Intervention in the Russian Civil War

    The Allies accordingly undertook to support anticommunist White Russian forces if they would, once back in power, resume war on the Eastern Front against Germany and Austria, a strategy warmly supported by those in London and Paris, in any case, to see the eradication of Bolshevism from Russia.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/1cbd0c0f-04ae-42a7-ab4d-16f63b46e397.jpg Canadian Intervention in the Russian Civil War

  • Article

    Caroline Affair

    After the failed Rebellion of 1837 in Upper Canada, its leader, William Lyon Mackenzie, retreated to Navy Island, in the Niagara River, accompanied by some 200 followers. The Caroline, an American ship based at Fort Schlosser in New York State, was chartered to bring supplies to the rebels. On 29 December 1837, a force of the Upper Canada militia led by Commander Andrew Drew of the Royal Navy found the Caroline moored at Schlosser. In the quick skirmish that followed, an American was killed. The Caroline, set on fire and adrift, capsized before reaching the falls and sank. The incident aggravated the already tense relationship between the United Kingdom and the United States.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/767da593-a14c-4880-a6f6-5029fd760b84.jpg Caroline Affair

  • Article

    Catharine Parr Traill

    Catharine Parr Traill, née Strickland, pioneer writer, botanist (born 9 January 1802 in London, England; died 29 August 1899 in Lakefield, ON). Catharine Parr Traill’s books are some of the earliest in the Canadian literary canon. Works such as The Backwoods of Canada: Being Letters from the Wife of an Emigrant Officer (1836) offer detailed descriptions of pioneer life in Canada, while Canadian Wildflowers (1868) and Studies of Plant Life in Canada (1885) showcase her skill as an amateur botanist.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/!feature-img-thumbnails/Catharine-Traill-tweet.jpg Catharine Parr Traill

  • Article

    Cecelia Jane Reynolds

    Cecelia Jane Reynolds, freedom seeker (born c. May 1831 in Virginia; died 4 June 1909 in Louisville, Kentucky). In May 1846, Cecelia fled her Kentucky enslavers by way of Niagara Falls and the Underground Railroad. Letters between Cecelia and Fanny Thruston, the Louisville belle to whom she had been a personal servant, have become unique primary sources for historians studying enslavement and relations between the formerly enslaved and American slaveholders.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/ceceliajanereynolds/cataracthouse.jpg Cecelia Jane Reynolds

  • Article

    Si’k-okskitsis

    Si'k-okskitsis (known by various other names including Black Wood Ashes, Charcoal, The Palate, Paka’panikapi, Lazy Young Man and Opee-o’wun), Kainai warrior, spiritual leader (born circa 1856 in present-day southern AB; died 16 Mar 1897 in Fort Macleod, AB). Si'k-okskitsis was involved in a domestic dispute that ended in murder. He fled but was eventually caught by police, tried and hanged. The story of Si’k-okskitsis’s life speaks to larger themes of relations between Indigenous peoples and settlers, the settlement of the West, and changes to traditional ways of life on the plains.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/original.11393-1.jpg Si’k-okskitsis

  • Article

    Charles Albanel

    Charles Albanel, Jesuit priest, missionary and explorer (b in Auvergne, France c 1616; d at Sault Ste Marie 11 Jan 1696).

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    https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Charles Albanel

  • Macleans

    Charles and Diana to Divorce

    "Off with her head," the Queen of Hearts shouted at the top of her voice. Nobody moved. "Who cares for you," said Alice (she had grown to her full size by this time). "You're nothing but a pack of cards.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on January 8, 1996

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    https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Charles and Diana to Divorce

  • Article

    Charles Bethune

    Charles James Stewart Bethune, clergyman, entomologist, educator (b in W Flamborough Twp, Upper Canada 11 Aug 1838; d at Toronto 18 Apr 1932). He was a graduate of Toronto's Upper Canada College and University of Toronto's Trinity College (BA 1859) and was ordained an Anglican priest in 1862.

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    https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Charles Bethune

  • Article

    Charles Cathcart, 2nd Earl Cathcart

    Charles Murray Cathcart, 2nd Earl, general, governor general of British North America (b at Walton, Eng 21 Dec 1783; d at St Leonard's-on-Sea, Eng 16 July 1859). One of Wellington's staff officers in the Napoleonic wars, Cathcart

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/51b19aa3-4c90-493a-8ff8-06d43457056a.jpg Charles Cathcart, 2nd Earl Cathcart

  • Article

    Charles Cecil Merritt, VC

    Charles Cecil Ingersoll Merritt, VC, barrister, soldier, Member of Parliament (born 10 November 1908 in Vancouver, BC; died 12 July 2000 in Vancouver). During the Second World War, Lieutenant-Colonel Cec Merritt was the first Canadian to earn the Victoria Cross (VC) in the European theatre, the highest award for bravery among troops of the British Empire.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/80711400-739f-490a-9ebc-775d3b25868c.jpg Charles Cecil Merritt, VC

  • Article

    Charles Constantine

    Charles Constantine, mounted policeman (b at Bradford, Yorkshire 13 Nov 1849; d at Long Beach, Calif 5 May 1912). Immigrating to Canada as a young man, Constantine was a member of the Red River Expedition sent against Louis Riel and the Manitoba Métis in 1870.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/CharlesConstantine.jpg Charles Constantine

  • Article

    Charles de Beauharnois de La Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois

    Charles de Beauharnois de La Boische Beauharnois, Marquis de Beauharnois, (baptized 12 October 1671 in La Chaussaye, near Orléans, France; died 12 July 1749 in Paris, France). Beauharnois was a naval officer in the wars of Louis XIV. From 1726 to 1747, he was the governor of New France. He initially built upon Indigenous alliances and defended New France from British incursions. However, the loss of Louisbourg in 1745 and the subsequent deterioration of relationships with Indigenous allies both occurred under Beauharnois and contributed to the eventual conquest of New France.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/c43b4b06-5380-42bf-b48e-d8291f036dec.jpg Charles de Beauharnois de La Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois

  • Article

    Charles de Biencourt, Baron de Saint-Just

    As a young man, Biencourt was reputedly tactless in dealing with others, and his violent quarrels with Jesuit missionaries undoubtedly harmed the colony. His determination, however, was crucial to the survival of the French presence in Acadia after a disastrous English raid in 1613.

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    https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Charles de Biencourt, Baron de Saint-Just

  • Article

    Charles de Menou d'Aulnay

    Military supremacy did not solve the problem of how to bring real social and economic stability to the colony for d'Aulnay. After his accidental death by drowning in 1650, Acadia lapsed again into internal strife.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/eae4b142-cd6b-4c86-a303-32da3140b207.jpg Charles de Menou d'Aulnay