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  • Article

    Canadian Pacific Railway

    The Canadian Pacific Railway company (CPR) was incorporated in 1881. Its original purpose was the construction of a transcontinental railway, a promise to British Columbia upon its entry into Confederation (see Railway History). The railway — completed in 1885 — connected Eastern Canada to British Columbia and played an important role in the development of the nation. Built in dangerous conditions by thousands of labourers, including 15,000 Chinese temporary workers, the railway facilitated communication and transportation across the country. Over its long history, the Canadian Pacific Railway diversified its operations. The company established hotels, shipping lines and airlines, and developed mining and telecommunications industries (see Shipping Industry; Air Transport Industry). In 2001, Canadian Pacific separated into five separate and independent companies, with Canadian Pacific Railway returning to its origins as a railway company. CP, as it is branded today, has over 22,500 km of track across Canada and the United States. It is a public company and it trades on the Toronto Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol CP. In 2020, CP reported $7.71 billion in total revenues. This article is a full-length entry about the Canadian Pacific Railway. For a plain-language summary, please see Canadian Pacific Railway (Plain-Language Summary).

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  • List

    Canadian Place Names That Reference Geography

    Canada has about 350,000 official place names. While many of these names honour people, a great many others reference physical or human geography. This list showcases the latter, highlighting names that point to the natural features of a place — take Montreal, for example — or how people interact with the land, be it through travel or settlement (as in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba). And, as with “Canada” itself, many of these names stem from an Indigenous word, or are themselves in an Indigenous language, such as Ulukhaktok, Northwest Territories (see also Largest Cities in Canada With an Indigenous Name).

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  • Article

    Canadian War Museum

    The Canadian War Museum, Canada's national museum of military history, was opened in 2005 on the south bank of the Ottawa River. The museum, originally begun in 1880 as an informal collection of military artifacts, was moved in 1967 to an archives building on Sussex Drive with most of the collection stored off-site. In 2001, the Federal Government announced the decision to fund the construction of a state-of-the art new building to be situated in the LeBreton Flats area of downtown Ottawa. Designed by Moriyama & Teshima Architects in a joint venture with Griffiths Rankin Cook Architects, the Museum opened in May 2005. Appropriately, its opening coincided with the 60th anniversary of the end of World War II in Europe and also the 125th anniversary of the museum itself. 

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  • Article

    Canals and Inland Waterways

    These 2 great journeys were first made just before the end of the 18th century, and by the same man. Alexander Mackenzie reached the mouth of the river which now bears his name in 1789, and was the first European to cross the North American continent (to Bella Coola) in 1793.

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  • Article

    Candiac

    Candiac, Quebec, incorporated as a town in 1957, population 22,997 (2021 census), 21,047 (2016 census). Candiac lies along the South Shore of the St. Lawrence River about 15 km south of Montreal.

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  • Article

    Canmore

    Canmore, Alta, incorporated as a town in 1966, population 12 288 (2011c), 12 039 (2006c). The Town of Canmore is located in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains, five km east of BANFF NATIONAL PARK.

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  • Article

    Cannington Manor

    Cannington Manor, established 1882 when an Englishman, Capt Edward Michell Pierce, claimed 5 townships 65 km south of Whitewood, NWT (now in southeast Saskatchewan), the nearest point on the CPR.

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  • Article

    Canora

    Canora, Sask, incorporated as a town in 1910, population 2219 (2011c), 2013 (2006c). The Town of Canora is located 50 km north of Yorkton. The community was a creation of the CANADIAN NORTHERN RAILWAY which laid steel through the

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  • Article

    Canso

    Canso, NS, incorporated as a town in 1901, population 806 (2011c), 911 (2006c). The Town of Canso is located on Chedabucto Bay, on the northeastern shore of mainland Nova Scotia.

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  • Article

    Cantley

    The first to settle the Cantley area were of Scottish or English origin. Andrew Blackburn and his 2 sons arrived in 1829. Colonel Cantley, a British army officer who had worked on the RIDEAU CANAL with Colonel John By, was granted land in what was to become Cantley in the early 1830s.

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  • Article

    Canwood

    In 1954 Canwood was tripled in size when the former RM of Shell Lake and several improvement districts were added to the community. The current size of the RM is almost 25 townships. Most of the people in the area are engaged in agriculture, with grain farming and livestock the major products.

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  • Article

    Cap-de-la-Madeleine

    Industrialization brought major residential construction. A second development phase began in 1938 with the opening of International Foils Ltd (Reynolds), which still operates.

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  • Article

    Cap Wolstenholme

    Cap Wolstenholme, 384 m high, is an imposing headland marking the western limit of Hudson Strait.

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  • Article

    Cape Blomidon

    Cape Blomidon lies along the southeast shore of the Bay of Fundy at the mouth of Minas Basin, the site of some of the world's highest tides.

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  • Article

    Cape Bonavista

    Cape Bonavista, elevation 15-30 m, is the bare, rocky extremity of the Bonavista Peninsula, north of the town of Bonavista in eastern Newfoundland.

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