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Article

Fog

Fog is a concentration of atmospheric particles (usually minute water droplets or ice crystals) of sufficient density to reduce visibility. For practical purposes, in Canada, a reduction of visibility to 1,000–9,600 m is arbitrarily called mist; a reduction to under 1,000 m is called fog. In contrast, haze is a condition where such dry atmospheric particles as dust, ocean salt, natural oils from forest vegetation or forest-fire smoke are present in sufficient quantity to obscure vision. Near or downwind from industrial centres, combustion products such as smoke, soot, sulphuric and nitric oxides can combine with and acidify fog (see Acid Rain). The major centres in Canada that experience the most fog are St. John's, Nfld, with fog reported on an average of 126 days per year; Halifax, NS, with 74 days; and Vancouver, BC, with 62 days. Penticton, BC, receives the least fog, an average of 4 days per year. Argentia, Newfoundland, has the most fog of any place in Canada, with an average of 206 days per year.
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Editorial

Fog Bowl: The 1962 Grey Cup

The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated. The Grey Cup was donated by Albert Henry George Grey, yet another of those governors general who have left their monikers on our sporting life.
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Article

Folk Music

Few countries possess a folk music as rich and culturally varied as Canada's. Traditional folk music of European origin has been present in Canada since the arrival of the first French and British settlers in the 16th and 17th centuries (see Folk Music, Anglo-Canadian; Folk music, Franco-Canadian).
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Article

Folklore

Folklore was first introduced as a term in England in 1846 and today refers to information, wisdom and human expression that is passed on, usually anonymously, from generation to generation or transmitted and circulated as traditional cultural behaviour. Folkloric materials can be found anywhere and in any form, although past scholarship has favoured verbal folklore or oral literature: folk songs, folktales, epic, myth, legend, folk drama, riddles, proverbs, sayings and a variety of verses. Nonverbal folklore includes material culture such as folk architecture, folk art and crafts, dance, music, custom, ritual and belief, traditional folkways and amusements.
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Article

Food Additives

Consumers normally consider that the term "food additive" refers to almost all substances, primarily chemical in nature, added to foods during production, manufacture, packaging or storage.
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Article

Food and Beverage Industries

Food and beverage processing or manufacturing is one of Canada's major secondary industries and a vital component of the nation's overall AGRIBUSINESS system.
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Article

Food Banks

In Canada, the term "food bank" is often used to describe any cache of food designated for charitable purposes.
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Collection

Food in Canada

Canada is home to countless culinary traditions which reflect its diversity of people and the land. From Indigenous food practices to the multitude of settler cuisines, people have created dishes adapted to their tastes and realities. This collection gathers a snapshot of popular dishes and cuisines found in Canada.
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Article

Food Insecurity in Canada

Household food insecurity— the inadequate or insecure access to food due to financial constraints — is a serious public health problem in Canada. In 2017–18, 1 in 8 households were food insecure. This amounted to over 4.4 million Canadians. Of that number, 1.2 million were children under 18 years. While food banks are a well-known public response to food insecurity, most food insecure households do not use food banks and there is no evidence that food charity is a durable solution. There is wide consensus that governments need to act on food insecurity through income-based interventions.
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Article

Food Legislation

Legislation designed to prevent the sale of unsafe or unwholesome food represents one of the oldest forms of governmental or societal intervention in the AGRICULTURE AND FOOD system.
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Article

Food Poisoning

Food poisoning includes intoxication and infection resulting from consumption of foods contaminated by toxins (poisons) produced by specific micro-organisms, or the presence of infectious micro-organisms, heavy-metal contaminants (eg, copper) or natural toxins.
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Article

Football

For many years, the term football described the practice of kicking an object, usually a round ball, and directing it into a designated goal area.
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Article

Footwear Industry

Footwear industry, sector of Canada's MANUFACTURING industries that produces footwear to meet various needs, including specialized industrial footwear, functional footwear, cold-weather footwear, slippers, and dress, casual and athletic shoes for men, women and children.
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Article

Forage Crops

Forage refers to plants consumed by animals, particularly livestock. Forage may be preserved by drying the plants to produce hay, it may be fermented to produce silage, and dried material is also compressed to produce compacted hay, pellets, and cubes .
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Article

Forbidden City

William Bell’s historical novel Forbidden City (1990) tells the story of Alex, a teenager who accompanies his father on a trip to Beijing, China. Alex’s initial excitement at exploring the history of the city turns to horror when he becomes trapped near the Forbidden City during the Tiananmen Square Massacre. The most popular novel of Bell’s career, Forbidden City was published in 11 countries and eight languages. Reviewers praised its depiction of the on-the-ground reality of the Tiananmen Square Massacre. The novel received Ontario’s Ruth and Sylvia Schwartz Children’s Book Award, the Ontario School Librarians Association Award and the Belgium Award for Excellence.
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