Browse "Nature & Geography"

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Article

Rock slide

A rock slide is a type of landslide occurring when a mass of rock moves quickly downslope.
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Article

Rocky Mountain Trench

The Rocky Mountain Trench is a long and deep valley extending approximately 1,500 km from the Bitterroot Valley in northwest Montana through British Columbia to the Liard Plain just south of the Yukon Territory. Its predominantly flat floor is 3–20 km wide and ranges in elevation between 600 m and 1,000 m above sea level. With walls made of sedimentary, volcanic and igneous rock, the Trench is sometimes referred to as the “Valley of a Thousand Peaks” because of the towering mountain ranges on either side: the Rocky Mountains to the east and the Columbia, Omineca and Cassiar mountains to the west. Humans have relied on the rich resources provided by this distinctive landscape from pre-colonial times to the present.
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Article

Rose

Rose is a common name for members of the genus Rosa of the rose family (Rosaceae). This large family, comprising more than 100 genera and 2,000–3,000 species, includes plants as diverse as strawberries, almonds and pears. Since 1930, the prickly rose has been the Provincial Floral Emblem of Alberta, where it grows abundantly.
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Article

Rutabaga

Rutabaga (Brassica napus, Napobrassica Group), herbaceous biennial vegetable belonging to the Cruciferae family and grown as a root crop in all provinces.
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Rye

Rye is the common name for members of the genus Secale of the grass family (Poaceae, formerly Gramineae) and for the cereal grains produced by those grasses.
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Sable Island Horses

The wild horses, named for the island they inhabit, are now the only terrestrial mammals on Sable Island aside from the few inhabitants. They exhibit great variability in size, conformation and colour and most closely resemble the Spanish barb, a small, tough horse that originated in North Africa, and the Acadian horse, the common working horse of the Atlantic provinces from the 17th to the 19th centuries. The stallions weigh 270–360 kg and stand about 14 hands (140 cm) at the withers (shoulders). Mares are a little smaller, averaging about 40 kg less. The Sable Island horse is the provincial horse of Nova Scotia.
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Sagebrush

Sagebrush (genus Artemisia), bitter, aromatic plant or shrub of the family Compositae or Asteraceae. They include annual, biennial and perennial plants. More than 100 species are known, chiefly from arid regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Fifteen species are native to Canada; seven others are introduced (two European, four Eurasian and one from Aleutian Islands).
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Macleans

Saguenay Floods Kill 10

This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on August 5, 1996. Partner content is not updated. One soggy day late last April, Art Poirier found himself among thousands of people stacking sandbags against rising floodwaters from southern Manitoba's ancient and implacable nemesis, the Red River. Poirier flicked a cigarette butt into the brand new lake around his home.
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Salamander Species in Canada

Salamanders are tailed amphibians belonging to the order Caudata. There are around 800 known species worldwide; 22 are found in Canada. In addition to these species, the unisexual Ambystoma, a unique lineage of salamanders that does not conform to the typical definition of a species, are also found in Canada. Salamanders mainly live in the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere and tropical South and Central America. North America is home to more species of salamanders than anywhere else in the world. In Canada, salamanders are found from the Maritimes to British Columbia, and as far north as central Labrador and northern British Columbia; none have been recorded on the island of Newfoundland.
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Article

Salish Woolly Dog

The Salish Woolly dog was an important part of Coast Salish life throughout southern Vancouver Island, the Strait of Georgia, and Washington State, as the dogs’ hair was used to weave clothing and blankets. Due to the increased presence of European settlers and their machine-spun sheep wool, the Salish Woolly dog population declined in the 1800s until its extinction around 1900.
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Salmon

The salmon is a family of fish, Salmonidae [Lat salire, "to leap"], with soft fin rays, a short dorsal fin, an adipose (fatty) fin, and teeth in the jaws. The family includes salmon, trout and char of the subfamily Salmoninae, the graylings of the subfamily Thymallinae and the whitefishes of the subfamily Coregoninae. Salmonids are native to north temperate and subarctic waters. However, because of their tremendous sportfishing appeal, they have been introduced to all continents except Antarctica. Five genera of Salmoninae are recognized. Two are Eurasian, Brachymystax and Hucho. Three are found in both hemispheres, including Canada: Salmo, the trouts and the Atlantic salmon; Oncorhynchus, the Pacific salmon; and Salvelinus, the chars.
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Article

Salt

Sodium chloride (NaCl), or common salt, is ubiquitous in the environment. In its solid form, salt crystallizes as colourless cubes and is called rock salt. Salt is also known to geologists as halite. Its crystal structure was the first to be determined by X-rays.
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Sand and Gravel

Sand and gravel are unconsolidated, granular mineral materials produced by the natural disintegration of rock caused by weathering. The terms sand, gravel, clay and silt relate to grain size rather than composition. Sand is material passing through a number 4 (4.
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Article

Sandpiper

Sandpiper is the common name for family Scolopacidae of shorebirds.
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Sardine

Sardine, name applied to various small fishes packed in oil.
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