Communities & Sociology | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    Montenegrins

    See YUGOSLAVS.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Montenegrins
  • Article

    Montreal Metro

    The Montreal metro opened on 14 October 1966. The second Canadian subway system after Toronto’s, which opened in 1954, the Montreal metro was the first subway in North America to run on rubber tires instead of metal wheels. Extensions to the Montreal metro were built on Montreal Island over the two decades after it opened, and then to the city of Laval, on the island of Île Jésus, during the 2000s. The system runs entirely underground, and each station has a distinct architecture and design. The Montreal metro consists of four lines running a total of 71 km and serving 68 stations. In 2018, its passengers made more than 383 million trips.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/7cb43abc-85f5-4380-adb4-56f13bfebb41.jpg Montreal Metro
  • Macleans

    Montreal Police Convicted

    This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on July 10, 1995. Partner content is not updated.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Montreal Police Convicted
  • Article

    Montréal Riots

    In February and March 1849 when the LaFontaine-Baldwin ministry passed the Rebellion Losses Bill, the opposition violently denounced the Act.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Montréal Riots
  • Article

    Moravian Missions in Labrador

    In 1771, Moravian missionaries were the first Europeans to settle in Labrador. Over a 133-year period, they established a series of eight missions along the coast which became the focus of religious, social and economic activities for the Inuit who gradually came to settle near the communities. Moravians had a huge impact on the life and culture of Labrador Inuit. What emerged was a unique culture rooted in Inuit traditions with indigenized European practices. The last Moravian missionary left Labrador in 2005, but the Moravian church, its customs and traditions are still very much alive in Labrador.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/MoravianMissionsinCanada/Eine-Schulergrupper-in-Nain-Resized.jpg Moravian Missions in Labrador
  • Article

    Mormon Church

    The Mormon Church was founded in 1830 in upstate New York. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, by far the largest Mormon denomination, is the only one of significance in Canada. There are currently eight Mormon temples in Canada.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/Cardston_Temple.jpg Mormon Church
  • Article

    Mowachaht-Muchalaht

    The Mowachaht and Muchalaht are Nuu-chah-nulth First Nations which formally amalgamated in the 1950s. Together, their territory includes parts of the west coast of Vancouver Island. As of September 2018, the federal government reports the registered population to be 613. Along with other Nuu-chah-nulth Tribal Council nations, the Mowachaht-Muchalaht are currently in stage four of a six-stage treaty process in British Columbia to attain self-government.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/7d6132f3-b886-4d9f-bd87-04918c8b3cd6.jpg Mowachaht-Muchalaht
  • Article

    MS St. Louis

    ​On 7 June 1939, 907 Jewish refugees aboard the MS St. Louis were denied entry to Canada. The ship returned its passengers to safe harbour in four European countries. Sadly, 254 of its passengers later perished in the Holocaust.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/6d356bb1-8262-40a1-a024-3e8d3226a9da.jpg MS St. Louis
  • Article

    Murder of Reena Virk

    Reena Virk, a 14-year-old of South Asian origin, was savagely beaten and murdered by teenaged attackers in November 1997 in a suburb of Victoria, British Columbia. The crime horrified Canadians and attracted international media attention because of the brutality of the killing as well as the youth of Virk and those who attacked her. It prompted a national conversation about teenaged bullying and racism, led in part by Virk’s parents, who became anti-bullying campaigners in the wake of their daughter’s murder. This article contains sensitive material that may not be suitable for all audiences.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Murder of Reena Virk
  • Article

    Murdochville Strike

    On 10 March 1957, the 1,000 workers of Gaspé Copper Mines in Murdochville, Québec, struck for the right to unionize. The conflict lasted 7 months and ended in defeat for the miners. Moreover, a 15-year judicial battle finally awarded the company $1.5 million in damages from the United Steelworkers of America ("Métallos" in Québec).

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/aee50531-a98b-429d-b2c6-3dd787abde3f.jpg Murdochville Strike
  • Article

    Muscular Dystrophy Canada

    Muscular Dystrophy Canada (MDC) was founded in 1954 by a group of parents who had children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Now a national voluntary health organization with offices across Canada, MDC is dedicated to fighting over 40 different neuromuscular disorders.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Muscular Dystrophy Canada
  • Article

    Music at The Stratford Festival

    The Stratford Festival (named the Stratford Shakespearean Festival, 1953–57; Stratford Festival, 1957–99; Stratford Festival of Canada, 2000–08; Stratford Shakespeare Festival, 2008–12) is an annual repertory theatre festival.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/7a68957a-5d7c-4d18-8a4b-9aac395d8a53.jpg Music at The Stratford Festival
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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Musique populaire francophone
  • Article

    Names

    Personal names carry history, traditions, identity, spiritual meaning and hopes. The history of Canada includes both developments and controversy in naming. Naming has been an issue for many aboriginal communities. The use of European-origin names instead of traditional names is one example.

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  • Article

    National Indigenous Peoples Day

    Celebrated in Canada every 21 June, National Indigenous Peoples Day is an official day of celebration to recognize and honour the heritage, cultures and valuable contributions to society by First Nations, Inuit and Métis peoples. National Indigenous Peoples Day is the same day as the summer solstice (the longest day of the year) and was chosen for its important symbolism to many Indigenous peoples (see Religion and Spirituality of Indigenous Peoples in Canada.) This day has been celebrated as a statutory territorial holiday in the Northwest Territories since 2001 and in the Yukon since 2017.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/877d8ab1-84a9-4ecd-8703-50661feef4e9.jpg National Indigenous Peoples Day