Women | The Canadian Encyclopedia

Browse "Women"

Displaying 16-30 of 82 results
  • Editorial

    Dionne Quintuplets: The Miracle Babies

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/d32900d9-595e-4ab7-99cb-c84da26b5d3d.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/d32900d9-595e-4ab7-99cb-c84da26b5d3d.jpg Dionne Quintuplets: The Miracle Babies
  • Article

    Famous Five

    Alberta’s “Famous Five” were petitioners in the groundbreaking Persons Case. The case was brought before the Supreme Court of Canada in 1927. It was decided in 1929 by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, Canada’s highest appeals court at the time. The group was led by judge Emily Murphy. It also included  Henrietta Edwards, Nellie McClung, Louise McKinney and Irene Parlby. Together, the five women had many years of active work in various campaigns for women’s rights dating back to the 1880s and 1890s. They enjoyed a national — and in the case of McClung, an international — reputation among reformers.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/65699b89-06c0-4518-aa06-4eea43f2ec74.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/65699b89-06c0-4518-aa06-4eea43f2ec74.jpg Famous Five
  • Article

    Feo Monck

    Frances Elizabeth Owen “Feo” Monck, author (born 1 August 1835 in Charleville, Enniskerry, County Wicklow, Ireland; died 31 July 1919). Feo Monck’s brother-in-law was governor general Viscount Monck, and her husband, Richard Monck, was military secretary to the governor general from 1864 to 1869. When Lady Monck was absent, she acted as the hostess for viceregal social occasions, including the ball held during the Quebec Conference of 1864. She recorded her experiences in the book, My Canadian Leaves: An Account of a Visit to Canada in 1864–1865.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/143f8587-f938-4cf1-bdc2-c441d02dc962.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/143f8587-f938-4cf1-bdc2-c441d02dc962.jpg Feo Monck
  • Article

    Frances Brooke

    Here she wrote what may be described as the first Canadian novel, The History of Emily Montague (1769), which she enriched with descriptions of landscape and climate, current events and inhabitants of the new colony.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/c438c23a-f24c-4938-83c4-80ffc17c2c69.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/c438c23a-f24c-4938-83c4-80ffc17c2c69.jpg Frances Brooke
  • Article

    Frances Stewart

    Frances Stewart, née Browne, diarist, letter writer (b at Dublin, Ire 24 May 1794; d near Peterborough, Ont 24 Feb 1872).

    "https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Frances Stewart
  • Collection

    Fur Trade in Canada

    The fur trade was a vast commercial enterprise across the wild, forested expanse of what is now Canada. It was at its peak for nearly 250 years, from the early 17th to the mid-19th centuries. It was sustained primarily by the trapping of beavers to satisfy the European demand for felt hats. The intensely competitive trade opened the continent to exploration and settlement. It financed missionary work, established social, economic and colonial relationships between Europeans...

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/e4ec1e55-01c2-4b77-a220-f05a84fd4c9c.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/e4ec1e55-01c2-4b77-a220-f05a84fd4c9c.jpg Fur Trade in Canada
  • Article

    Georgina Fane Pope

    Cecily Jane Georgina Fane Pope, nurse (born 1 January 1862 in Charlottetown, PE; died 6 June 1938 in Charlottetown, PE).

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/Georgie Fane Pope (2).jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/Georgie Fane Pope (2).jpg Georgina Fane Pope
  • Article

    Gloria Baylis

    Gloria Leon Baylis (née Clarke), registered nurse, civil rights activist, founder and owner of Baylis Medical Company (born 29 June 1929 in Barbados, died 12 April 2017 in Montreal, QC). Baylis, a British-trained Caribbean migrant nurse was the key witness in Her Majesty the Queen, Complainant v. Hilton of Canada Ltd., Accused. (See also Caribbean Canadians.) On 2 September 1964, one day following the introduction of the Act Respecting Discrimination in Employment in Quebec, Baylis inquired about a permanent part-time nursing position at the Queen Elizabeth Hotel (QEH), which was operated by Hilton of Canada. Baylis was told that the position had already been filled. With the support of the Negro Citizenship Association (NCA), Baylis filed a complaint. On 4 October 1965, the court found that Hilton of Canada had violated the Act. For 11 years, Hilton of Canada appealed the ruling. On 19 January 1977, the Court of Appeal of Quebec upheld the initial conviction, a fine of $25 and related costs. This case is significant because it is the first time in Canadian history that an institution had been found guilty of racial discrimination in employment. (See also Prejudice and Discrimination in Canada.)

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/gloriabaylis/gloriabaylis.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/gloriabaylis/gloriabaylis.jpg Gloria Baylis
  • Article

    Grey Nuns

    The Grey Nuns refer to six distinct Roman Catholic religious communities of women. Their origins can all be traced to the Sisters of Charity of theHôpital Général de Montréal founded by Marie-Marguerite d'Youville in the mid-18th century.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/Twitter_Cards/Grey nun.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/Twitter_Cards/Grey nun.jpg Grey Nuns
  • Article

    Harriet Tubman

    Harriet Tubman, née Araminta "Minty" Ross, abolitionist, “conductor” of the Underground Railroad (born c. 1820 in Dorchester County, Maryland; died 10 March 1913 in Auburn, New York). Tubman escaped from enslavement in the southern United States and went on to become a leading abolitionist before the American Civil War. She led numerous enslaved persons to freedom in the “free” Northern states and Canada through the Underground Railroad — a secret network of routes and safe houses that helped people escape enslavement.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/b1c5dc55-3ca3-4cf5-acf2-274103343319.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/b1c5dc55-3ca3-4cf5-acf2-274103343319.jpg Harriet Tubman
  • Article

    Henrietta Muir Edwards

    Henrietta Louise Edwards (née Muir), women’s rights activist, reformer, artist (born 18 December 1849 in Montreal, Canada East; died 9 November 1931 in Fort Macleod, AB). Henrietta Edwards fought from a young age for women’s rights and education, as well as women’s work and health. She helped establish many movements, societies and organizations aimed at improving the lives of women, and was instrumental in passing Alberta’s Dower Act in 1917. She was also one of the Famous Five behind the Persons Case, the successful campaign to have women declared persons in the eyes of British law. However, her views on immigration and eugenics have been criticized as racist and elitist. She was named a Person of National Historic Significance in 1962 and an honorary senator in 2009.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/s003703k.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/s003703k.jpg Henrietta Muir Edwards
  • Article

    Irene Spry

    Irene Mary Spry (née Biss), economic historian (born 28 August 1907 in Standerton, Transvaal, South Africa; died 16 December 1998 in Ottawa, ON).

    "https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Irene Spry
  • Article

    Isabel Mackenzie King

    Isabel Grace Mackenzie King (born 6 February 1843 in New York City, United States; died 18 December 1917 in Ottawa, Ontario). Isabel Mackenzie King was the daughter of 1837 Upper Canada rebellion leader William Lyon Mackenzie and mother of Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King. She had an intense relationship with her son and supported the development of his political career.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/Isabel-King/King-bathing.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/Isabel-King/King-bathing.jpg Isabel Mackenzie King
  • Article

    Lady Aberdeen

    Ishbel Marie Marjoribanks Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair, vice-regal consort, author, philanthropist and women’s rights advocate (born 14 March 1857 in London, United Kingdom; died 18 April 1939 in Aberdeen, United Kingdom). As Vice-Regal Consort to Governor General John Campbell Hamilton-Gordon, Earl of Aberdeen, from 1893 until 1898, Lady Aberdeen organized the National Council of Women in Canada, became first sponsor of the Women’s Art Association of Canada and helped found the Victorian Order of Nurses. Lady Aberdeen was the first woman to address the House of Commons and the first woman to receive an honorary degree in Canada.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/68e07433-23dc-405f-8e1f-adf2963543c4.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/68e07433-23dc-405f-8e1f-adf2963543c4.jpg Lady Aberdeen
  • Article

    Jennie Butchart

    Jeannette (Jennie) Foster Butchart (née Kennedy), gardener, hostess (born February 1865 in Toronto, ON; died 12 December 1950 in Victoria, BC). Butchart created one of British Columbia’s top tourist attractions, Butchart Gardens, on her family’s estate on Vancouver Island. From 1904 to 1939, she laid out several formal gardens that included over 900 varieties of plants. Butchart transformed a depleted limestone quarry on the property into the iconic Sunken Garden. For decades, she welcomed tens of thousands of visitors to the gardens each year.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/JennieButchart/JennieButchart.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/JennieButchart/JennieButchart.jpg Jennie Butchart